When can a security guard use pepper spray?

The correct choice highlights that a security guard can use pepper spray when they are facing an immediate threat and have the proper authorization to do so. This aligns with the principles of self-defense and the use of force in security contexts.

In many jurisdictions, including West Virginia, security guards are trained to assess situations and respond appropriately to threats. Using pepper spray is generally considered an appropriate response in instances where the guard or others are under direct threat of harm. However, this use must be in alignment with the policies of their employer, relevant laws, and the training they have received. Authorization is crucial because it ensures that the use of such defensive tools is not arbitrary or excessive.

This context emphasizes the importance of trained judgment in potentially violent situations rather than acting purely on instinct or personal assessment of threats. Security guards must be able to discern when a situation escalates to a level that necessitates defensive action, ensuring their response is measured and justified.